Sludge Drying Technology
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Description
Thermal drying of dewatered sewage sludge is becoming more and more popular as a means of reducing sludge volume by removing the moisture content and achieving a dry solids content of >90. The thermal drying process is fully automated (whichever drying process is selected) and minimises the environmental impact that normally occurs with a sludge handling plant. The thermal drying process produces a stabilised dry granular product that is easy to store, deliver and use and which, due to the cell wall destruction caused by rapid drying may be considered pathogen free (pasteurised) and, legislation permitting, suitable for agricultural use.
There are two forms of thermal sludge drying:
- Convective Thermal Drying
The wet sludge is dried in direct contact with a heated air stream, the process taking place inside an enclosed rotating drum consisting of three coaxial cylinders. The wet sludge passes through the cylinder in a co-current manner. At the discharge end of the machine the product is separated from the air stream (by gravity) and the process air (following scrubbing) is recycled and passed through an air/air heat exchanger thus ensuring maximum efficiency. If necessary, a portion of the dried sludge is recycled to the inlet of the thermal dryer to act as an absorbent to increase the efficiency/throughput of the dryer. Any dust discharged from the dryer is directed to a cyclone for safe collection.
- Contact Thermal Drying
Heat for drying the wet sludge is transferred by conduction through heated surfaces, the heat source being hot air, diathermic oil or steam. The dryer consists of a double passage rotating drum with three coaxial cylinders, the heat source passing through the interspace between the internal and intermediate cylinders. Wet sludge initially enters the inner cylinder in a co-current manner and then passes to the external cylinder, running counter-currently to the feed cylinder. As a result, the feed and outlet from the dryer are located at the same end of the unit. The exhaust gases from the unit are scrubbed and condensed before being returned to the burner for thermal deodorisation. If necessary, a portion of the dried sludge is recycled to the inlet of the thermal dryer to act as an absorbent to increase the efficiency/throughput of the dryer. Again, any dust discharged from the dryer is directed to a cyclone for safe collection.
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Sludge Drying Technology
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